The J-curve shows us what would happen over time if a government devalued/depreciated its currency over time. As first, because the value of the currency would be immediately lowr, the capital account would actually worsen as less money would come in for exports. This is the downward-sloping part of the J-curve. However, over time, foreigners would notice these exports are cheaper and the domestic consumers/firms would notice imports were more expensive, so the balance of trade would improve theoretically until the deficit was replaced by a surplus (moving up the curve to the right).
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